Strength Training
Progressive overload principle: gradually increase weight, reps or sets over time. Compound movements deliver the most muscle and metabolic benefit per minute.
Upper Body Push
ModerateBench press, overhead press, dips, push-ups, lateral raises. Target chest, shoulders, triceps. 3–4 sets × 8–12 reps at 70–80% 1RM.
Upper Body Pull
ModeratePull-ups, barbell rows, cable rows, face pulls, bicep curls. Target back, biceps, rear delts. 3–4 sets × 8–12 reps. Essential for posture.
Lower Body
IntenseSquats, deadlifts, lunges, leg press, Romanian deadlift, calf raises. Largest muscle groups — greatest hormonal response. 3–4 sets × 6–10 reps.
Full Body Compound
IntenseDeadlifts, cleans, thrusters, Turkish get-ups, sled pushes. Full-body integration, maximum metabolic demand. Use for fat loss or athletic conditioning phases.
Core & Stability
Easy–ModPlanks, dead bugs, Pallof press, cable woodchops, anti-rotation exercises. Core stability is the foundation for all compound lifts and injury prevention.
Progressive Overload
PrincipleIncrease load when you complete all reps with good form. Track lifts in a log. Deload every 4–8 weeks (reduce volume 40–50%) to prevent overtraining and injury.
Cardiovascular Training
Zone 2 cardio (60–70% max HR) is the foundation for aerobic fitness, fat oxidation, and metabolic health. Build this base before adding intensity.
Running
ModerateBest for Zone 2 base training. Conversational pace — can speak in full sentences. Greatest calorie-per-minute of any cardio. High impact on joints — rotate with lower-impact options.
Cycling
Low ImpactExcellent for Zone 2 at higher training volumes. Builds quadriceps, glutes, and cardiovascular capacity. Ideal active recovery day after heavy leg sessions.
Swimming
Low ImpactFull-body cardio with minimal joint stress. Excellent for recovery weeks. Engages lats, core, and legs simultaneously. Backstroke best for posture correction.
Rowing Machine
Full BodyEngages 86% of muscle groups. Excellent VO2max developer. Low joint impact. Master technique first — 60% legs, 20% hips, 20% arms on the drive.
Heart Rate Training Zones
Max HR ≈ 220 − age. Example: age 30 = 190 bpm max. Zones define training intensity and physiological adaptation.
Zone 2 is the Foundation
Elite athletes spend 80% of training time in Zone 2. It builds mitochondrial density and metabolic efficiency. Most recreational athletes train too hard — spending too much time in Zone 3 and not enough in Zone 2.
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
Maximum 1–2 HIIT sessions per week. More is counterproductive — HIIT requires 48–72h recovery. It improves VO2max, burns fat and stimulates muscle preservation.
Classic HIIT — 20:10
IntenseTabata protocol: 20 sec all-out effort + 10 sec rest × 8 rounds per exercise. Exercises: burpees, jump squats, mountain climbers, sprint intervals. Proven to improve VO2max in 6 weeks.
Sprint Intervals
Max Effort10–30 sec all-out sprints (bike, treadmill, track) + 2–4 min recovery. 6–10 intervals. Highest VO2max development. EPOC burns calories for 24–48h post-workout.
Circuit Training
Full Body5–8 exercises back-to-back with minimal rest (30–60 sec between circuits). Combines strength and cardio stimulus. Excellent for time-crunched schedules.
EMOM (Every Minute On the Minute)
Moderate–HardSet number of reps at start of each minute, rest for remainder. Ex: 10 kettlebell swings + 5 push-ups at start of each minute for 20 minutes. Scalable and time-efficient.
Recovery & Performance Nutrition
Gains are made during recovery, not during the workout. Sleep, nutrition and active recovery determine results just as much as training intensity.
Sleep (The Master Recovery Tool)
Priority 1Growth hormone peaks during deep sleep — this is when muscle repair occurs. Sleep deprivation raises cortisol, increases fat storage, reduces testosterone and impairs protein synthesis by up to 30%.
Active Recovery
Low IntensityZone 1 walking, gentle yoga, light cycling, or swimming. Increases blood flow to muscles without adding stress. Reduces DOMS (delayed onset muscle soreness).
Mobility & Flexibility
EssentialDynamic warm-up before sessions. Static stretching and foam rolling post-workout. Yoga 1–2x/week. Hip flexors, thoracic spine, hamstrings are most neglected in desk-workers.
Performance Nutrition
Science-BasedPre: complex carbs + moderate protein 1–2h before. Post (within 45 min): 20–40g protein + 3:1 carb:protein ratio. Creatine 3–5g/day: most evidence-backed supplement. Caffeine 3–6mg/kg pre-workout for performance.
Recovery Nutrition Summary
Post-Workout Foods
- Chocolate milk (ideal 4:1 carb:protein ratio)
- Greek yogurt + banana
- Eggs + toast
- Salmon + sweet potato
- Protein smoothie + oats
Evidence-Based Supplements
- Creatine monohydrate: 3–5g/day (muscle + strength)
- Caffeine: 3–6mg/kg pre-workout
- Beta-alanine: 3.2g/day (muscular endurance)
- Omega-3: 2–4g/day (recovery, anti-inflammation)
- Vitamin D3: 1,000–2,000 IU/day if deficient
Sample 7-Day Training Week
Intermediate level. Adjust rest days based on recovery. No two consecutive high-intensity days.